TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of velocity fields and heat transfer coefficients over inclined inverted L-shaped baffles in a 3-D channel
AU - Ikumapayi Omolayo M
AU - Kaid Noureddine
AU - Larguech Samia
AU - Menni Younes
AU - Bayram Mustafa
AU - Bayode Abiodun
AU - Ting Tin Tin
AU - Özer Salih
AU - Vural Erdinç
JN - Thermal Science
PY - 2025
VL - 29
IS - 4
SP - 3201
EP - 3209
PT - Article
AB - Efficient thermal management in internal flow systems is critical for  enhancing heat exchanger performance. This study investigates how variations  in baffle inclination and flow rate affect flow behavior and heat transfer  within a 3-D channel equipped with inverted L-shaped baffles. The flow is  modeled under steady, laminar conditions with water as the working fluid.  Results show that increasing flow velocity and adjusting baffle orientation  generate complex 3-D flow structures, including vortex formation and  secondary flows, which enhance fluid mixing and disrupt thermal  boundary-layers. These effects lead to significant improvements in heat  transfer, with the highest average heat transfer coefficient observed at the  combination of greatest flow velocity and optimized baffle configuration,  achieving up to 80% enhancement compared to less favorable set-ups. The  findings demonstrate the synergistic influence of flow dynamics and baffle  geometry in maximizing convective heat transfer, providing valuable insights  for the design of more efficient thermal management systems.