TY - JOUR
TI - Comparative numerical analysis of diesel and biodiesel combustion in an internal combustion engine
AU - Bouighi Habib
AU - Bousbaa Hamza
AU - Menni Younes
AU - Bayram Mustafa
AU - Ikumapayi Omolayo M
AU - Bayode Abiodun
AU - Ting Tin Tin
JN - Thermal Science
PY - 2025
VL - 29
IS - 4
SP - 3123
EP - 3130
PT - Article
AB - This study presents a comprehensive numerical investigation comparing the  combustion characteristics and emission behavior of conventional diesel and  biodiesel fuel (methyl oleate, C₁₉H₃₈O₂) in a single-cylinder Antor 6LD400  Diesel engine using CONVERGE CFD software. The simulations were carried out  under identical operating conditions to evaluate temperature and pressure  evolution, heat release profiles, and pollutant formation, including CO,  CO₂, NOₓ, soot, and unburned hydrocarbons. Results indicate that biodiesel  ignites earlier due to its higher cetane number and oxygenated structure,  leading to faster combustion, lower peak in-cylinder pressure and  temperature, and reduced emissions of CO, hydrocarbon, and soot. Although  biodiesel emits slightly more CO₂, indicative of more complete combustion,  it consistently demonstrates lower NOₓ levels due to shorter residence time  at high temperatures. These findings confirm that biodiesel offers cleaner  combustion with significant emission benefits, making it a promising  alternative fuel for reducing the environmental impact of compression  ignition engines.